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Medium⏱ time2 hr$ cost12

Hydraulic Robot Arm

Syringe-and-tube hydraulics give a cardboard arm multi-joint movement and a working gripper.

Start building ↓
fig — working model Result first

The build

Step 01

Build the arm

Cut hinged segments and a claw.

Step 02

Pair syringes

Link water-filled syringes for each joint and the claw.

Step 03

Mount them

Fix base syringes to a control board.

Step 04

Operate

Push plungers to raise, swing and grip.

Working Principle

Each joint is driven by Pascal's principle: pushing one water-filled syringe forces the other to extend, moving that part of the arm.

The science behind it

A closer look

Incompressible fluid transmits force through the tubes, so small hand pushes produce controlled, powerful joint motion.

Take it further

Variables to test

  • 1 Use thicker output syringes — more force or motion?
  • 2 Add a fourth joint — how does control get harder?

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